diff --git a/packages/blocks/package.json b/packages/blocks/package.json
index ed7344c..5fdacf5 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/package.json
+++ b/packages/blocks/package.json
@@ -34,12 +34,22 @@
   "exports": {
     "./globals.css": "./src/styles/globals.css",
     "./appearance": "./src/blocks/appearance/index.ts",
+    "./appearance/locales": "./src/blocks/appearance/locales/catalogs.ts",
+    "./appearance/locales/*": "./src/blocks/appearance/locales/*.ts",
     "./chats": "./src/blocks/chats/index.ts",
+    "./chats/locales": "./src/blocks/chats/locales/catalogs.ts",
+    "./chats/locales/*": "./src/blocks/chats/locales/*.ts",
     "./components/*": "./src/components/*.tsx",
     "./hooks/*": "./src/hooks/*.ts",
     "./lib/*": "./src/lib/*.tsx",
     "./layout": "./src/blocks/layout/index.ts",
+    "./layout/locales": "./src/blocks/layout/locales/catalogs.ts",
+    "./layout/locales/*": "./src/blocks/layout/locales/*.ts",
     "./navigation": "./src/blocks/navigation/index.ts",
-    "./notifications": "./src/blocks/notifications/index.ts"
+    "./navigation/locales": "./src/blocks/navigation/locales/catalogs.ts",
+    "./navigation/locales/*": "./src/blocks/navigation/locales/*.ts",
+    "./notifications": "./src/blocks/notifications/index.ts",
+    "./notifications/locales": "./src/blocks/notifications/locales/catalogs.ts",
+    "./notifications/locales/*": "./src/blocks/notifications/locales/*.ts"
   }
 }
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/controller.tsx b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/controller.tsx
index 3950108..734fd6b 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/controller.tsx
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/controller.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { useCallback, useState } from "react"
 import { useHotkey } from "@tanstack/react-hotkeys"
+import { useMessage } from "@workspace/i18n"
 import { useResolvedTheme, useUiState } from "./ui-state"
 import {
   Dialog,
@@ -15,6 +16,62 @@ import {
 import { appearanceDialogHandle } from "./dialog"
 import { CompactPreference, ModePreference } from "./preferences"
 import { ThemeConfigPanel } from "./theme-config-panel"
+import { LocalizedText } from "../../components/localized-text"
+import { appearanceMessages } from "./messages"
+
+interface AppearanceHotkeysProps {
+  onToggleDialog: VoidFunction
+  onToggleTheme: VoidFunction
+}
+
+function AppearanceHotkeys({
+  onToggleDialog,
+  onToggleTheme,
+}: AppearanceHotkeysProps) {
+  const appearanceTitle = useMessage(appearanceMessages.appearance)
+  const appearanceDescription = useMessage(
+    appearanceMessages.appearanceCommandDescription
+  )
+  const toggleThemeTitle = useMessage(appearanceMessages.toggleTheme)
+  const toggleThemeDescription = useMessage(
+    appearanceMessages.toggleThemeDescription
+  )
+
+  useHotkey("Mod+,", onToggleDialog, {
+    ignoreInputs: true,
+    preventDefault: true,
+    stopPropagation: false,
+    meta: {
+      name: appearanceTitle,
+      description: appearanceDescription,
+    },
+  })
+
+  useHotkey("Mod+D", onToggleTheme, {
+    ignoreInputs: true,
+    preventDefault: true,
+    stopPropagation: false,
+    meta: {
+      name: toggleThemeTitle,
+      description: toggleThemeDescription,
+    },
+  })
+
+  return null
+}
+
+function AppearanceDialogHeader() {
+  return (
+    <DialogHeader>
+      <DialogTitle>
+        <LocalizedText message={appearanceMessages.appearance} />
+      </DialogTitle>
+      <DialogDescription>
+        <LocalizedText message={appearanceMessages.themeAndLayoutPreferences} />
+      </DialogDescription>
+    </DialogHeader>
+  )
+}
 
 export function AppearanceController() {
   const [isOpen, setIsOpen] = useState(false)
@@ -33,37 +90,18 @@ export function AppearanceController() {
     setThemeMode(resolvedTheme === "dark" ? "light" : "dark")
   }, [resolvedTheme, setThemeMode])
 
-  useHotkey("Mod+,", toggleDialog, {
-    ignoreInputs: true,
-    preventDefault: true,
-    stopPropagation: false,
-    meta: {
-      name: "界面外观",
-      description: "打开主题与布局偏好",
-    },
-  })
-
-  useHotkey("Mod+D", toggleTheme, {
-    ignoreInputs: true,
-    preventDefault: true,
-    stopPropagation: false,
-    meta: {
-      name: "切换主题",
-      description: "在浅色与深色主题之间切换",
-    },
-  })
-
   return (
     <Dialog handle={appearanceDialogHandle} onOpenChange={setIsOpen}>
+      <AppearanceHotkeys
+        onToggleDialog={toggleDialog}
+        onToggleTheme={toggleTheme}
+      />
       <NavigationActionTarget
         action={navigationActions.appearance}
         onInvoke={() => appearanceDialogHandle.open(null)}
       />
       <DialogContent className="sm:max-w-max">
-        <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle>界面外观</DialogTitle>
-          <DialogDescription>主题与布局偏好</DialogDescription>
-        </DialogHeader>
+        <AppearanceDialogHeader />
         <div className="-mx-6 max-h-[75vh] space-y-10 overflow-y-auto px-6">
           <div className="flex flex-col gap-6 lg:flex-row">
             <ModePreference />
@@ -73,13 +111,8 @@ export function AppearanceController() {
             <ThemeConfigPanel
               scheme="light"
               active={resolvedTheme === "light"}
-              description="当系统设置为浅色模式时，将使用此主题"
-            />
-            <ThemeConfigPanel
-              scheme="dark"
-              active={resolvedTheme === "dark"}
-              description="当系统设置为深色模式时，将使用此主题"
             />
+            <ThemeConfigPanel scheme="dark" active={resolvedTheme === "dark"} />
           </div>
         </div>
       </DialogContent>
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/catalogs.test.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/catalogs.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..133c8b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/catalogs.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import { describe, it } from "vitest"
+
+import { expectCompleteCatalogs } from "../../../i18n/test-catalogs"
+import { appearanceMessages, themeColorMessages } from "../messages"
+import { appearanceCatalogLocales } from "./catalogs"
+import { messages as de } from "./de"
+import { messages as en } from "./en"
+import { messages as es } from "./es"
+import { messages as fr } from "./fr"
+import { messages as ja } from "./ja"
+import { messages as ko } from "./ko"
+import { messages as zhHans } from "./zh-Hans"
+import { messages as zhHant } from "./zh-Hant"
+
+describe("appearance locale catalogs", () => {
+  it("ship every appearance message in every built-in locale", () => {
+    expectCompleteCatalogs({
+      catalogs: {
+        de,
+        en,
+        es,
+        fr,
+        ja,
+        ko,
+        "zh-Hans": zhHans,
+        "zh-Hant": zhHant,
+      },
+      locales: appearanceCatalogLocales,
+      messageIds: [
+        ...Object.values(appearanceMessages),
+        ...Object.values(themeColorMessages),
+      ].map((descriptor) => descriptor.id),
+    })
+  })
+})
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/catalogs.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/catalogs.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb5250c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/catalogs.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import type { appearanceMessages, themeColorMessages } from "../messages"
+import {
+  blockCatalogLocales,
+  type BlockCatalogLocale,
+  type BlockMessageCatalog,
+} from "../../../i18n/catalogs"
+
+export { blockCatalogLocales as appearanceCatalogLocales }
+export type AppearanceCatalogLocale = BlockCatalogLocale
+export type AppearanceMessageCatalog = BlockMessageCatalog<
+  typeof appearanceMessages & typeof themeColorMessages
+>
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/de.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/de.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e367991
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/de.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+import type { AppearanceMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "de"
+export const languageTag = "de-DE"
+
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.appearance.active": "Aktiv",
+  "blocks.appearance.baseColor": "Basisfarbe",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.amber": "Bernstein",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.blue": "Blau",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.cyan": "Cyan",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.emerald": "Smaragd",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.fuchsia": "Fuchsia",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.green": "Grün",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.indigo": "Indigo",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.lime": "Limette",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.mauve": "Malve",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.mist": "Nebel",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.neutral": "Neutral",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.olive": "Oliv",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.orange": "Orange",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.pink": "Rosa",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.purple": "Lila",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.red": "Rot",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.rose": "Rose",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.sky": "Himmelblau",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.stone": "Stein",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.taupe": "Taupe",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.teal": "Blaugrün",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.violet": "Violett",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.yellow": "Gelb",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.zinc": "Zink",
+  "blocks.appearance.command.description": "Design- und Layout-Einstellungen öffnen",
+  "blocks.appearance.compact.description": "Eine kompakte Breite für den Hauptinhalt verwenden",
+  "blocks.appearance.compact.title": "Kompaktes Layout",
+  "blocks.appearance.description": "Design- und Layout-Einstellungen",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.dark": "Dunkel",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.dark.description": "Die Oberfläche verwendet immer das dunkle Design",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.light": "Hell",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.light.description": "Die Oberfläche verwendet immer das helle Design",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.system": "System",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.system.description": "Das Design der Oberfläche folgt der Systemeinstellung",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.title": "Darstellungsmodus",
+  "blocks.appearance.primaryColor": "Primärfarbe",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.dark": "Dunkles Design",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.dark.description": "Dieses Design wird im dunklen Systemmodus verwendet",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.light": "Helles Design",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.light.description": "Dieses Design wird im hellen Systemmodus verwendet",
+  "blocks.appearance.title": "Darstellung",
+  "blocks.appearance.toggleTheme": "Design wechseln",
+  "blocks.appearance.toggleTheme.description":
+    "Zwischen hellem und dunklem Design wechseln",
+} as const satisfies AppearanceMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/en.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/en.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..68f3ce0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/en.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+import type { MessageDescriptor } from "@workspace/i18n"
+
+import { appearanceMessages, themeColorMessages } from "../messages.ts"
+import type { AppearanceMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "en"
+export const languageTag = "en-US"
+
+function createSourceCatalog(
+  ...groups: readonly Record<string, MessageDescriptor>[]
+): AppearanceMessageCatalog {
+  return Object.fromEntries(
+    groups.flatMap((group) =>
+      Object.values(group).map((descriptor) => [
+        descriptor.id,
+        descriptor.message,
+      ])
+    )
+  ) as AppearanceMessageCatalog
+}
+
+export const messages = createSourceCatalog(
+  appearanceMessages,
+  themeColorMessages
+) satisfies AppearanceMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/es.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/es.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..228fb88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/es.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import type { AppearanceMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "es"
+export const languageTag = "es-ES"
+
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.appearance.active": "Activo",
+  "blocks.appearance.baseColor": "Color base",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.amber": "Ámbar",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.blue": "Azul",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.cyan": "Cian",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.emerald": "Esmeralda",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.fuchsia": "Fucsia",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.green": "Verde",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.indigo": "Índigo",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.lime": "Lima",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.mauve": "Malva",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.mist": "Niebla",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.neutral": "Neutro",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.olive": "Oliva",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.orange": "Naranja",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.pink": "Rosa",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.purple": "Morado",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.red": "Rojo",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.rose": "Rosa intenso",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.sky": "Celeste",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.stone": "Piedra",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.taupe": "Topo",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.teal": "Verde azulado",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.violet": "Violeta",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.yellow": "Amarillo",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.zinc": "Zinc",
+  "blocks.appearance.command.description": "Abrir las preferencias de tema y diseño",
+  "blocks.appearance.compact.description": "Usar un ancho compacto para el contenido principal",
+  "blocks.appearance.compact.title": "Diseño compacto",
+  "blocks.appearance.description": "Preferencias de tema y diseño",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.dark": "Oscuro",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.dark.description": "La interfaz siempre usará el tema oscuro",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.light": "Claro",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.light.description": "La interfaz siempre usará el tema claro",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.system": "Sistema",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.system.description": "El tema de la interfaz seguirá la apariencia del sistema",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.title": "Modo de tema",
+  "blocks.appearance.primaryColor": "Color principal",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.dark": "Tema oscuro",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.dark.description": "Este tema se usa cuando el sistema está en modo oscuro",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.light": "Tema claro",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.light.description": "Este tema se usa cuando el sistema está en modo claro",
+  "blocks.appearance.title": "Apariencia",
+  "blocks.appearance.toggleTheme": "Cambiar tema",
+  "blocks.appearance.toggleTheme.description": "Cambiar entre los temas claro y oscuro",
+} as const satisfies AppearanceMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/fr.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/fr.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0cdb90e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/fr.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import type { AppearanceMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "fr"
+export const languageTag = "fr-FR"
+
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.appearance.active": "Actif",
+  "blocks.appearance.baseColor": "Couleur de base",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.amber": "Ambre",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.blue": "Bleu",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.cyan": "Cyan",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.emerald": "Émeraude",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.fuchsia": "Fuchsia",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.green": "Vert",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.indigo": "Indigo",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.lime": "Citron vert",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.mauve": "Mauve",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.mist": "Brume",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.neutral": "Neutre",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.olive": "Olive",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.orange": "Orange",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.pink": "Rose",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.purple": "Pourpre",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.red": "Rouge",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.rose": "Rose soutenu",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.sky": "Bleu ciel",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.stone": "Pierre",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.taupe": "Taupe",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.teal": "Sarcelle",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.violet": "Violet",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.yellow": "Jaune",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.zinc": "Zinc",
+  "blocks.appearance.command.description": "Ouvrir les préférences de thème et de mise en page",
+  "blocks.appearance.compact.description": "Utiliser une largeur compacte pour le contenu principal",
+  "blocks.appearance.compact.title": "Mise en page compacte",
+  "blocks.appearance.description": "Préférences de thème et de mise en page",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.dark": "Sombre",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.dark.description": "L’interface utilisera toujours le thème sombre",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.light": "Clair",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.light.description": "L’interface utilisera toujours le thème clair",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.system": "Système",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.system.description": "Le thème de l’interface suivra l’apparence du système",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.title": "Mode du thème",
+  "blocks.appearance.primaryColor": "Couleur principale",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.dark": "Thème sombre",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.dark.description": "Ce thème est utilisé lorsque le système est en mode sombre",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.light": "Thème clair",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.light.description": "Ce thème est utilisé lorsque le système est en mode clair",
+  "blocks.appearance.title": "Apparence",
+  "blocks.appearance.toggleTheme": "Changer de thème",
+  "blocks.appearance.toggleTheme.description": "Basculer entre les thèmes clair et sombre",
+} as const satisfies AppearanceMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/ja.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/ja.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b26ec7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/ja.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import type { AppearanceMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "ja"
+export const languageTag = "ja-JP"
+
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.appearance.active": "使用中",
+  "blocks.appearance.baseColor": "ベースカラー",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.amber": "アンバー",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.blue": "ブルー",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.cyan": "シアン",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.emerald": "エメラルド",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.fuchsia": "フクシア",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.green": "グリーン",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.indigo": "インディゴ",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.lime": "ライム",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.mauve": "モーブ",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.mist": "ミスト",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.neutral": "ニュートラル",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.olive": "オリーブ",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.orange": "オレンジ",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.pink": "ピンク",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.purple": "パープル",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.red": "レッド",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.rose": "ローズ",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.sky": "スカイ",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.stone": "ストーン",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.taupe": "トープ",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.teal": "ティール",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.violet": "バイオレット",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.yellow": "イエロー",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.zinc": "ジンク",
+  "blocks.appearance.command.description": "テーマとレイアウト設定を開く",
+  "blocks.appearance.compact.description": "メインページのコンテンツをコンパクトな幅で表示します",
+  "blocks.appearance.compact.title": "コンパクトレイアウト",
+  "blocks.appearance.description": "テーマとレイアウトの設定",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.dark": "ダーク",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.dark.description": "常にダークテーマを使用します",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.light": "ライト",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.light.description": "常にライトテーマを使用します",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.system": "システム",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.system.description": "インターフェースのテーマをシステムの外観に合わせます",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.title": "テーマモード",
+  "blocks.appearance.primaryColor": "プライマリカラー",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.dark": "ダークテーマ",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.dark.description": "システムがダークモードのときに使用するテーマです",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.light": "ライトテーマ",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.light.description": "システムがライトモードのときに使用するテーマです",
+  "blocks.appearance.title": "外観",
+  "blocks.appearance.toggleTheme": "テーマを切り替える",
+  "blocks.appearance.toggleTheme.description": "ライトテーマとダークテーマを切り替えます",
+} as const satisfies AppearanceMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/ko.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/ko.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6604841
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/ko.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import type { AppearanceMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "ko"
+export const languageTag = "ko-KR"
+
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.appearance.active": "사용 중",
+  "blocks.appearance.baseColor": "기본 색상",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.amber": "호박색",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.blue": "파란색",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.cyan": "청록색",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.emerald": "에메랄드",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.fuchsia": "자홍색",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.green": "초록색",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.indigo": "남색",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.lime": "라임",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.mauve": "연보라",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.mist": "안개색",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.neutral": "중성색",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.olive": "올리브",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.orange": "주황색",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.pink": "분홍색",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.purple": "보라색",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.red": "빨간색",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.rose": "장미색",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.sky": "하늘색",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.stone": "돌색",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.taupe": "회갈색",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.teal": "틸",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.violet": "제비꽃색",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.yellow": "노란색",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.zinc": "아연색",
+  "blocks.appearance.command.description": "테마 및 레이아웃 환경설정 열기",
+  "blocks.appearance.compact.description": "기본 페이지 콘텐츠에 좁은 너비를 사용합니다",
+  "blocks.appearance.compact.title": "컴팩트 레이아웃",
+  "blocks.appearance.description": "테마 및 레이아웃 환경설정",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.dark": "어둡게",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.dark.description": "인터페이스에서 항상 어두운 테마를 사용합니다",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.light": "밝게",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.light.description": "인터페이스에서 항상 밝은 테마를 사용합니다",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.system": "시스템",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.system.description": "인터페이스 테마가 시스템 화면 모드를 따릅니다",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.title": "테마 모드",
+  "blocks.appearance.primaryColor": "주요 색상",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.dark": "어두운 테마",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.dark.description": "시스템이 어두운 모드일 때 사용하는 테마입니다",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.light": "밝은 테마",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.light.description": "시스템이 밝은 모드일 때 사용하는 테마입니다",
+  "blocks.appearance.title": "화면 모양",
+  "blocks.appearance.toggleTheme": "테마 전환",
+  "blocks.appearance.toggleTheme.description": "밝은 테마와 어두운 테마 사이를 전환합니다",
+} as const satisfies AppearanceMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/zh-Hans.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/zh-Hans.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b55ec32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/zh-Hans.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import type { AppearanceMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "zh-Hans"
+export const languageTag = "zh-CN"
+
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.appearance.active": "使用中",
+  "blocks.appearance.baseColor": "基础颜色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.amber": "琥珀色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.blue": "蓝色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.cyan": "青色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.emerald": "翠绿色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.fuchsia": "紫红色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.green": "绿色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.indigo": "靛蓝色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.lime": "青柠色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.mauve": "紫灰",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.mist": "雾灰",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.neutral": "中性灰",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.olive": "橄榄灰",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.orange": "橙色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.pink": "粉色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.purple": "紫色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.red": "红色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.rose": "玫红色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.sky": "天蓝色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.stone": "石灰",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.taupe": "灰褐",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.teal": "蓝绿色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.violet": "紫罗兰色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.yellow": "黄色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.zinc": "锌灰",
+  "blocks.appearance.command.description": "打开主题与布局偏好",
+  "blocks.appearance.compact.description": "启用后，页面主内容将使用紧凑宽度",
+  "blocks.appearance.compact.title": "紧凑布局",
+  "blocks.appearance.description": "主题与布局偏好",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.dark": "深色",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.dark.description": "界面将始终使用深色主题",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.light": "浅色",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.light.description": "界面将始终使用浅色主题",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.system": "系统",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.system.description": "界面主题将跟随系统外观设置",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.title": "主题模式",
+  "blocks.appearance.primaryColor": "主要颜色",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.dark": "深色主题",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.dark.description": "当系统设置为深色模式时，将使用此主题",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.light": "浅色主题",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.light.description": "当系统设置为浅色模式时，将使用此主题",
+  "blocks.appearance.title": "界面外观",
+  "blocks.appearance.toggleTheme": "切换主题",
+  "blocks.appearance.toggleTheme.description": "在浅色与深色主题之间切换",
+} as const satisfies AppearanceMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/zh-Hant.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/zh-Hant.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2adabfc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/locales/zh-Hant.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import type { AppearanceMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "zh-Hant"
+export const languageTag = "zh-TW"
+
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.appearance.active": "使用中",
+  "blocks.appearance.baseColor": "基礎顏色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.amber": "琥珀色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.blue": "藍色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.cyan": "青色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.emerald": "翠綠色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.fuchsia": "紫紅色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.green": "綠色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.indigo": "靛藍色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.lime": "萊姆色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.mauve": "淡紫色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.mist": "霧灰色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.neutral": "中性灰",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.olive": "橄欖色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.orange": "橙色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.pink": "粉紅色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.purple": "紫色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.red": "紅色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.rose": "玫瑰色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.sky": "天藍色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.stone": "石灰色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.taupe": "灰褐色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.teal": "藍綠色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.violet": "紫羅蘭色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.yellow": "黃色",
+  "blocks.appearance.color.zinc": "鋅灰色",
+  "blocks.appearance.command.description": "開啟主題與版面配置偏好",
+  "blocks.appearance.compact.description": "使用較緊湊的主頁內容寬度",
+  "blocks.appearance.compact.title": "緊湊版面配置",
+  "blocks.appearance.description": "主題與版面配置偏好",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.dark": "深色",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.dark.description": "介面將一律使用深色主題",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.light": "淺色",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.light.description": "介面將一律使用淺色主題",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.system": "系統",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.system.description": "介面主題將跟隨系統外觀設定",
+  "blocks.appearance.mode.title": "主題模式",
+  "blocks.appearance.primaryColor": "主要顏色",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.dark": "深色主題",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.dark.description": "系統使用深色模式時套用此主題",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.light": "淺色主題",
+  "blocks.appearance.theme.light.description": "系統使用淺色模式時套用此主題",
+  "blocks.appearance.title": "介面外觀",
+  "blocks.appearance.toggleTheme": "切換主題",
+  "blocks.appearance.toggleTheme.description": "在淺色與深色主題之間切換",
+} as const satisfies AppearanceMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/messages.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/messages.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e19b7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/messages.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+import type { MessageDescriptor } from "@workspace/i18n"
+
+export const appearanceMessages = {
+  active: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.active",
+    message: "Active",
+  },
+  appearance: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.title",
+    message: "Appearance",
+  },
+  appearanceCommandDescription: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.command.description",
+    message: "Open theme and layout preferences",
+  },
+  baseColor: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.baseColor",
+    message: "Base color",
+  },
+  compactDescription: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.compact.description",
+    message: "Use a compact width for the main page content",
+  },
+  compactLayout: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.compact.title",
+    message: "Compact layout",
+  },
+  darkMode: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.mode.dark",
+    message: "Dark",
+  },
+  darkModeDescription: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.mode.dark.description",
+    message: "The interface will always use the dark theme",
+  },
+  darkTheme: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.theme.dark",
+    message: "Dark theme",
+  },
+  darkThemeDescription: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.theme.dark.description",
+    message: "This theme is used when the system is in dark mode",
+  },
+  followSystem: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.mode.system",
+    message: "System",
+  },
+  followSystemDescription: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.mode.system.description",
+    message: "The interface theme will follow the system appearance",
+  },
+  lightMode: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.mode.light",
+    message: "Light",
+  },
+  lightModeDescription: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.mode.light.description",
+    message: "The interface will always use the light theme",
+  },
+  lightTheme: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.theme.light",
+    message: "Light theme",
+  },
+  lightThemeDescription: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.theme.light.description",
+    message: "This theme is used when the system is in light mode",
+  },
+  primaryColor: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.primaryColor",
+    message: "Primary color",
+  },
+  themeAndLayoutPreferences: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.description",
+    message: "Theme and layout preferences",
+  },
+  themeMode: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.mode.title",
+    message: "Theme mode",
+  },
+  toggleTheme: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.toggleTheme",
+    message: "Toggle theme",
+  },
+  toggleThemeDescription: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.toggleTheme.description",
+    message: "Switch between light and dark themes",
+  },
+} as const satisfies Record<string, MessageDescriptor>
+
+export const themeColorMessages = {
+  amber: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.amber",
+    message: "Amber",
+  },
+  blue: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.blue",
+    message: "Blue",
+  },
+  cyan: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.cyan",
+    message: "Cyan",
+  },
+  emerald: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.emerald",
+    message: "Emerald",
+  },
+  fuchsia: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.fuchsia",
+    message: "Fuchsia",
+  },
+  green: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.green",
+    message: "Green",
+  },
+  indigo: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.indigo",
+    message: "Indigo",
+  },
+  lime: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.lime",
+    message: "Lime",
+  },
+  mauve: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.mauve",
+    message: "Mauve",
+  },
+  mist: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.mist",
+    message: "Mist",
+  },
+  neutral: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.neutral",
+    message: "Neutral",
+  },
+  olive: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.olive",
+    message: "Olive",
+  },
+  orange: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.orange",
+    message: "Orange",
+  },
+  pink: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.pink",
+    message: "Pink",
+  },
+  purple: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.purple",
+    message: "Purple",
+  },
+  red: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.red",
+    message: "Red",
+  },
+  rose: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.rose",
+    message: "Rose",
+  },
+  sky: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.sky",
+    message: "Sky",
+  },
+  stone: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.stone",
+    message: "Stone",
+  },
+  taupe: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.taupe",
+    message: "Taupe",
+  },
+  teal: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.teal",
+    message: "Teal",
+  },
+  violet: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.violet",
+    message: "Violet",
+  },
+  yellow: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.yellow",
+    message: "Yellow",
+  },
+  zinc: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.appearance.color.zinc",
+    message: "Zinc",
+  },
+} as const satisfies Record<string, MessageDescriptor>
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/preferences.tsx b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/preferences.tsx
index 46c263b..d63b1b7 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/preferences.tsx
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/preferences.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { MonitorIcon, MoonIcon, SunIcon } from "lucide-react"
+import { useMessage } from "@workspace/i18n"
 import {
   Select,
   SelectContent,
@@ -10,12 +11,8 @@ import { Switch } from "@workspace/ui/components/switch"
 
 import type { ThemeMode } from "./state"
 import { useUiState } from "./ui-state"
-
-const modeItems: ReadonlyArray<{ label: string; value: ThemeMode }> = [
-  { label: "使用浅色", value: "light" },
-  { label: "使用深色", value: "dark" },
-  { label: "跟随系统", value: "system" },
-]
+import { LocalizedText } from "../../components/localized-text"
+import { appearanceMessages } from "./messages"
 
 function ModeIcon({ mode }: { mode: ThemeMode | null }) {
   if (mode === "light") return <SunIcon />
@@ -25,15 +22,29 @@ function ModeIcon({ mode }: { mode: ThemeMode | null }) {
 
 export function ModePreference() {
   const [themeMode, setThemeMode] = useUiState("theme-mode")
+  const lightLabel = useMessage(appearanceMessages.lightMode)
+  const darkLabel = useMessage(appearanceMessages.darkMode)
+  const systemLabel = useMessage(appearanceMessages.followSystem)
+  const lightDescription = useMessage(appearanceMessages.lightModeDescription)
+  const darkDescription = useMessage(appearanceMessages.darkModeDescription)
+  const systemDescription = useMessage(
+    appearanceMessages.followSystemDescription
+  )
+  const title = useMessage(appearanceMessages.themeMode)
+  const modeItems: ReadonlyArray<{ label: string; value: ThemeMode }> = [
+    { label: lightLabel, value: "light" },
+    { label: darkLabel, value: "dark" },
+    { label: systemLabel, value: "system" },
+  ]
   const description = {
-    light: "界面将始终使用浅色主题",
-    dark: "界面将始终使用深色主题",
-    system: "界面主题将跟随系统外观设置",
+    light: lightDescription,
+    dark: darkDescription,
+    system: systemDescription,
   }[themeMode]
 
   return (
     <div className="lg:flex-1">
-      <h2 className="font-semibold">主题模式</h2>
+      <h2 className="font-semibold">{title}</h2>
       <p className="mt-1 text-sm text-muted-foreground">{description}</p>
       <Select
         items={modeItems}
@@ -47,9 +58,7 @@ export function ModePreference() {
             {(value: ThemeMode | null) => (
               <>
                 <ModeIcon mode={value} />
-                {modeItems
-                  .find((item) => item.value === value)
-                  ?.label.slice(-2)}
+                {modeItems.find((item) => item.value === value)?.label}
               </>
             )}
           </SelectValue>
@@ -72,9 +81,11 @@ export function CompactPreference() {
 
   return (
     <div className="lg:flex-1">
-      <h2 className="font-semibold">紧凑布局</h2>
+      <h2 className="font-semibold">
+        <LocalizedText message={appearanceMessages.compactLayout} />
+      </h2>
       <p className="mt-1 text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-        启用后，页面主内容将使用紧凑宽度
+        <LocalizedText message={appearanceMessages.compactDescription} />
       </p>
       <Switch
         className="mt-2"
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/theme-color-picker.tsx b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/theme-color-picker.tsx
index 98d523d..cdcd2b5 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/theme-color-picker.tsx
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/theme-color-picker.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
-import type { CSSProperties } from "react"
+import type { CSSProperties, ReactNode } from "react"
+import { useMessage } from "@workspace/i18n"
 import { cn } from "@workspace/ui/lib/utils"
+import { themeColorMessages } from "./messages"
 import {
   accentColors,
   baseColors,
@@ -12,7 +14,6 @@ type ThemeColor = BaseColor | AccentColor
 
 type ThemeColorSwatch<T extends ThemeColor> = {
   name: T
-  title: string
   light: {
     background: string
     foreground: string
@@ -31,7 +32,6 @@ function createSwatches<T extends ThemeColor>(
 
     return {
       name,
-      title: theme.title,
       light: {
         background: theme.cssVars.light.primary,
         foreground: theme.cssVars.light["primary-foreground"],
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ export function ThemeColorPicker<T extends ThemeColor>({
   onChange,
 }: {
   swatches: readonly ThemeColorSwatch<T>[]
-  title: string
+  title: ReactNode
   value: T
   onChange: (color: T) => void
 }) {
@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ function ThemeColorButton({
   active: boolean
   onClick: () => void
 }) {
+  const swatchTitle = useMessage(themeColorMessages[swatch.name])
   const style = {
     "--light-bg": swatch.light.background,
     "--light-fg": swatch.light.foreground,
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ function ThemeColorButton({
   return (
     <button
       type="button"
-      aria-label={swatch.title}
+      aria-label={swatchTitle}
       aria-pressed={active}
       className={cn(
         "h-8 min-w-8 appearance-none truncate overflow-hidden rounded-4xl border-2 px-2 text-xs whitespace-nowrap ring-popover ring-inset",
@@ -108,7 +109,7 @@ function ThemeColorButton({
       style={style}
       onClick={onClick}
     >
-      {swatch.title}
+      {swatchTitle}
     </button>
   )
 }
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/theme-config-panel.tsx b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/theme-config-panel.tsx
index f85fccb..c3dacd7 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/theme-config-panel.tsx
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/theme-config-panel.tsx
@@ -8,18 +8,26 @@ import {
 } from "./theme-color-picker"
 import { ThemePreview } from "./theme-preview"
 import type { ThemeScheme } from "./theme"
+import { LocalizedText } from "../../components/localized-text"
+import { appearanceMessages } from "./messages"
 
 export function ThemeConfigPanel({
   scheme,
   active,
-  description,
 }: {
   scheme: ThemeScheme
   active: boolean
-  description: string
 }) {
   const stateKey = scheme === "light" ? "theme-light" : "theme-dark"
   const [config, setConfig] = useUiState(stateKey)
+  const titleMessage =
+    scheme === "light"
+      ? appearanceMessages.lightTheme
+      : appearanceMessages.darkTheme
+  const descriptionMessage =
+    scheme === "light"
+      ? appearanceMessages.lightThemeDescription
+      : appearanceMessages.darkThemeDescription
 
   return (
     <div className="w-md rounded-xl border">
@@ -29,15 +37,23 @@ export function ThemeConfigPanel({
         ) : (
           <MoonIcon className="size-5" />
         )}
-        <span>{scheme === "light" ? "浅色主题" : "深色主题"}</span>
-        {active && <Badge className="ml-auto">使用中</Badge>}
+        <span>
+          <LocalizedText message={titleMessage} />
+        </span>
+        {active && (
+          <Badge className="ml-auto">
+            <LocalizedText message={appearanceMessages.active} />
+          </Badge>
+        )}
       </div>
       <div className="space-y-4 p-4">
-        <p>{description}</p>
+        <p>
+          <LocalizedText message={descriptionMessage} />
+        </p>
         <ThemePreview scheme={scheme} config={config} />
         <ThemeColorPicker
           swatches={baseColorSwatches}
-          title="基础颜色"
+          title={<LocalizedText message={appearanceMessages.baseColor} />}
           value={config.baseColor}
           onChange={(baseColor) =>
             setConfig((current) => ({ ...current, baseColor }))
@@ -45,7 +61,7 @@ export function ThemeConfigPanel({
         />
         <ThemeColorPicker
           swatches={accentColorSwatches}
-          title="主要颜色"
+          title={<LocalizedText message={appearanceMessages.primaryColor} />}
           value={config.accentColor}
           onChange={(accentColor) =>
             setConfig((current) => ({ ...current, accentColor }))
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/theme.test.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/theme.test.ts
index c1c5223..33c6c26 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/theme.test.ts
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/theme.test.ts
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ describe("appearance themes", () => {
 
     expect(themes.map((theme) => theme.name)).toEqual(selectableColors)
     expect(new Set(selectableColors).size).toBe(selectableColors.length)
+    expect(new Set(themes.map((theme) => theme.name)).size).toBe(themes.length)
     expect(themes.every((theme) => theme.title.length > 0)).toBe(true)
   })
 
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/themes.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/themes.ts
index 7f8c6fd..32260fd 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/themes.ts
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/appearance/themes.ts
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ export type Theme = {
 export const themes: Theme[] = [
   {
     name: "neutral",
-    title: "中性灰",
+    title: "Neutral",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         background: "oklch(1 0 0)",
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "stone",
-    title: "石灰",
+    title: "Stone",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         background: "oklch(1 0 0)",
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "zinc",
-    title: "锌灰",
+    title: "Zinc",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         background: "oklch(1 0 0)",
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "mauve",
-    title: "紫灰",
+    title: "Mauve",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         background: "oklch(1 0 0)",
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "olive",
-    title: "橄榄灰",
+    title: "Olive",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         background: "oklch(1 0 0)",
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "mist",
-    title: "雾灰",
+    title: "Mist",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         background: "oklch(1 0 0)",
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "taupe",
-    title: "灰褐",
+    title: "Taupe",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         background: "oklch(1 0 0)",
@@ -580,7 +580,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "amber",
-    title: "琥珀色",
+    title: "Amber",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         primary: "oklch(0.555 0.163 48.998)",
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "blue",
-    title: "蓝色",
+    title: "Blue",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         primary: "oklch(0.488 0.243 264.376)",
@@ -644,7 +644,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "cyan",
-    title: "青色",
+    title: "Cyan",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         primary: "oklch(0.52 0.105 223.128)",
@@ -676,7 +676,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "emerald",
-    title: "翠绿色",
+    title: "Emerald",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         primary: "oklch(0.508 0.118 165.612)",
@@ -708,7 +708,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "fuchsia",
-    title: "紫红色",
+    title: "Fuchsia",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         primary: "oklch(0.518 0.253 323.949)",
@@ -740,7 +740,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "green",
-    title: "绿色",
+    title: "Green",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         primary: "oklch(0.527 0.154 150.069)",
@@ -772,7 +772,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "indigo",
-    title: "靛蓝色",
+    title: "Indigo",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         primary: "oklch(0.457 0.24 277.023)",
@@ -804,7 +804,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "lime",
-    title: "青柠色",
+    title: "Lime",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         primary: "oklch(0.841 0.238 128.85)",
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "orange",
-    title: "橙色",
+    title: "Orange",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         primary: "oklch(0.553 0.195 38.402)",
@@ -868,7 +868,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "pink",
-    title: "粉色",
+    title: "Pink",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         primary: "oklch(0.525 0.223 3.958)",
@@ -900,7 +900,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "purple",
-    title: "紫色",
+    title: "Purple",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         primary: "oklch(0.496 0.265 301.924)",
@@ -932,7 +932,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "red",
-    title: "红色",
+    title: "Red",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         primary: "oklch(0.505 0.213 27.518)",
@@ -964,7 +964,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "rose",
-    title: "玫红色",
+    title: "Rose",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         primary: "oklch(0.514 0.222 16.935)",
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "sky",
-    title: "天蓝色",
+    title: "Sky",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         primary: "oklch(0.5 0.134 242.749)",
@@ -1029,7 +1029,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "teal",
-    title: "蓝绿色",
+    title: "Teal",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         primary: "oklch(0.511 0.096 186.391)",
@@ -1061,7 +1061,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "violet",
-    title: "紫罗兰色",
+    title: "Violet",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         primary: "oklch(0.491 0.27 292.581)",
@@ -1093,7 +1093,7 @@ export const themes: Theme[] = [
   },
   {
     name: "yellow",
-    title: "黄色",
+    title: "Yellow",
     cssVars: {
       light: {
         primary: "oklch(0.852 0.199 91.936)",
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/chat-popover.tsx b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/chat-popover.tsx
index 0908fd4..54a0e28 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/chat-popover.tsx
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/chat-popover.tsx
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { useMessage } from "@workspace/i18n"
 import { ItemGroup } from "@workspace/ui/components/item"
 import {
   Popover,
@@ -8,6 +9,7 @@ import {
 } from "@workspace/ui/components/popover"
 
 import { useOnScroll } from "../../hooks/use-on-scroll"
+import { chatMessages } from "./messages"
 
 import { chatPopoverHandle } from "./chat-popover-handle"
 import { ChatThreadItem } from "./chat-thread-item"
@@ -18,7 +20,9 @@ export interface ChatPopoverProps {
   title?: string
 }
 
-export function ChatPopover({ threads, title = "Chats" }: ChatPopoverProps) {
+export function ChatPopover({ threads, title }: ChatPopoverProps) {
+  const defaultTitle = useMessage(chatMessages.title)
+
   useOnScroll(() => {
     chatPopoverHandle.close()
   })
@@ -28,7 +32,7 @@ export function ChatPopover({ threads, title = "Chats" }: ChatPopoverProps) {
       <PopoverContent className="h-120 p-2" alignOffset={-50} showArrow>
         <PopoverHeader className="px-4 pt-4">
           <PopoverTitle className="text-lg">
-            {title}({threads.length})
+            {title ?? defaultTitle}({threads.length})
           </PopoverTitle>
           <PopoverDescription />
         </PopoverHeader>
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/catalogs.test.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/catalogs.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..57875b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/catalogs.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { describe, it } from "vitest"
+
+import { expectCompleteCatalogs } from "../../../i18n/test-catalogs"
+import { chatMessages } from "../messages"
+import { chatCatalogLocales } from "./catalogs"
+import { messages as de } from "./de"
+import { messages as en } from "./en"
+import { messages as es } from "./es"
+import { messages as fr } from "./fr"
+import { messages as ja } from "./ja"
+import { messages as ko } from "./ko"
+import { messages as zhHans } from "./zh-Hans"
+import { messages as zhHant } from "./zh-Hant"
+
+describe("chat locale catalogs", () => {
+  it("ship every chat message in every built-in locale", () => {
+    expectCompleteCatalogs({
+      catalogs: {
+        de,
+        en,
+        es,
+        fr,
+        ja,
+        ko,
+        "zh-Hans": zhHans,
+        "zh-Hant": zhHant,
+      },
+      locales: chatCatalogLocales,
+      messageIds: Object.values(chatMessages).map(
+        (descriptor) => descriptor.id
+      ),
+    })
+  })
+})
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/catalogs.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/catalogs.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d84a72c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/catalogs.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+import type { chatMessages } from "../messages"
+import {
+  blockCatalogLocales,
+  type BlockCatalogLocale,
+  type BlockMessageCatalog,
+} from "../../../i18n/catalogs"
+
+export { blockCatalogLocales as chatCatalogLocales }
+export type ChatCatalogLocale = BlockCatalogLocale
+export type ChatMessageCatalog = BlockMessageCatalog<typeof chatMessages>
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/de.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/de.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..31f8b6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/de.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import type { ChatMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "de"
+export const languageTag = "de-DE"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.chats.title": "Chats",
+} as const satisfies ChatMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/en.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/en.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..03142b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/en.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import type { ChatMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "en"
+export const languageTag = "en-US"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.chats.title": "Chats",
+} as const satisfies ChatMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/es.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/es.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3344b3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/es.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import type { ChatMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "es"
+export const languageTag = "es-ES"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.chats.title": "Chats",
+} as const satisfies ChatMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/fr.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/fr.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..517f63f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/fr.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import type { ChatMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "fr"
+export const languageTag = "fr-FR"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.chats.title": "Discussions",
+} as const satisfies ChatMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/ja.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/ja.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ee8295e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/ja.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import type { ChatMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "ja"
+export const languageTag = "ja-JP"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.chats.title": "チャット",
+} as const satisfies ChatMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/ko.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/ko.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6b03c4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/ko.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import type { ChatMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "ko"
+export const languageTag = "ko-KR"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.chats.title": "채팅",
+} as const satisfies ChatMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/zh-Hans.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/zh-Hans.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fc2d3db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/zh-Hans.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import type { ChatMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "zh-Hans"
+export const languageTag = "zh-CN"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.chats.title": "聊天",
+} as const satisfies ChatMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/zh-Hant.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/zh-Hant.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2529f3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/locales/zh-Hant.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import type { ChatMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "zh-Hant"
+export const languageTag = "zh-TW"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.chats.title": "聊天",
+} as const satisfies ChatMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/messages.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/messages.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3987c60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/chats/messages.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import type { MessageDescriptor } from "@workspace/i18n"
+
+export const chatMessages = {
+  title: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.chats.title",
+    message: "Chats",
+  },
+} as const satisfies Record<string, MessageDescriptor>
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/app-breadcrumb.tsx b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/app-breadcrumb.tsx
index 5fd2b3f..502e43a 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/app-breadcrumb.tsx
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/app-breadcrumb.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { Link } from "@tanstack/react-router"
 import * as React from "react"
+import { useMessage } from "@workspace/i18n"
 import {
   Breadcrumb,
   BreadcrumbEllipsis,
@@ -21,8 +22,13 @@ import {
   DropdownMenuTrigger,
 } from "@workspace/ui/components/dropdown-menu"
 
-import { type NavigationInfo, useNavigationStack } from "../navigation"
+import {
+  NavigationLabel,
+  type NavigationInfo,
+  useNavigationStack,
+} from "../navigation"
 import { Icon } from "../../components/icon"
+import { layoutMessages } from "./messages"
 
 const MAX_VISIBLE_ENTRIES = 3
 
@@ -185,7 +191,7 @@ function BreadcrumbEntryContent({ entry }: { entry: BreadcrumbEntry }) {
   return (
     <>
       {entry.icon && <Icon data={entry.icon} className="size-4 shrink-0" />}
-      {entry.label}
+      <NavigationLabel label={entry.label} />
     </>
   )
 }
@@ -303,11 +309,13 @@ function BreadcrumbRouteLink({
 }
 
 function BreadcrumbMenu({ entries }: { entries: readonly BreadcrumbEntry[] }) {
+  const menuLabel = useMessage(layoutMessages.breadcrumbMenuLabel)
+
   return (
     <DropdownMenu>
       <DropdownMenuTrigger
         render={
-          <Button aria-label="打开面包屑菜单" size="icon-sm" variant="ghost" />
+          <Button aria-label={menuLabel} size="icon-sm" variant="ghost" />
         }
       >
         <BreadcrumbEllipsis />
@@ -320,7 +328,7 @@ function BreadcrumbMenu({ entries }: { entries: readonly BreadcrumbEntry[] }) {
                 {entry.icon && (
                   <Icon data={entry.icon} className="size-4 shrink-0" />
                 )}
-                {entry.label}
+                <NavigationLabel label={entry.label} />
               </>
             )
 
@@ -405,7 +413,9 @@ export function AppBreadcrumb() {
                         className="size-4 shrink-0"
                       />
                     )}
-                    <span className="truncate">{item.entry.label}</span>
+                    <span className="truncate">
+                      <NavigationLabel label={item.entry.label} />
+                    </span>
                   </BreadcrumbPage>
                 ) : (
                   <BreadcrumbRouteLink
@@ -432,7 +442,7 @@ export function AppBreadcrumb() {
             {entry.icon && (
               <Icon data={entry.icon} className="size-4 shrink-0" />
             )}
-            {entry.label}
+            <NavigationLabel label={entry.label} />
           </span>
         ))}
         <span data-breadcrumb-measure-menu>
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/app-layout.tsx b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/app-layout.tsx
index 52d4efc..aa57063 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/app-layout.tsx
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/app-layout.tsx
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ import { AppQueryIndicator } from "./app-query-indicator"
 export interface AppLayoutProps {
   chatThreads: readonly ChatThread[]
   children: React.ReactNode
+  headerActions?: React.ReactNode
   navigationGroups: readonly NavigationGroup[]
   notifications: UseNotificationsOptions
 }
@@ -45,6 +46,7 @@ export interface AppLayoutProps {
 export function AppLayout({
   chatThreads,
   children,
+  headerActions,
   navigationGroups,
   notifications,
 }: AppLayoutProps) {
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ export function AppLayout({
       <NotificationCenterSheet {...notifications} />
       <ChatPopover threads={chatThreads} />
       <div className="isolate min-h-svh w-svw">
-        <AppHeader />
+        <AppHeader actions={headerActions} />
         <div className="relative z-1 flex min-h-svh w-svw items-start">
           <AppHeaderBackground />
           <AppSidebar groups={navigationGroups} />
@@ -66,7 +68,7 @@ export function AppLayout({
   )
 }
 
-function AppHeader() {
+function AppHeader({ actions }: { actions?: React.ReactNode }) {
   return (
     <header className="sticky top-0 z-3 h-0">
       <div className="flex h-(--ui-header-height) items-center">
@@ -157,6 +159,7 @@ function AppHeader() {
           </div>
           <div className="ml-auto flex shrink-0 items-center gap-2">
             <GlobalSearchTrigger />
+            {actions}
             <NotificationCenterTrigger
               render={<HeaderActionButton icon={BellIcon} showIndicator />}
             />
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/app-query-indicator.tsx b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/app-query-indicator.tsx
index 12fab6d..a6a7aba 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/app-query-indicator.tsx
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/app-query-indicator.tsx
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { useMessage } from "@workspace/i18n"
 import { useRefresh } from "../../hooks/use-refresh"
 import {
   Tooltip,
@@ -7,9 +8,12 @@ import {
 import { HeaderActionButton } from "./header-action-button"
 import { ReloadIcon } from "@hugeicons/core-free-icons"
 import { cn } from "@workspace/ui/lib/utils"
+import { layoutMessages } from "./messages"
 
 export function AppQueryIndicator({ className }: { className?: string }) {
   const { canRefresh, isRefreshing, refresh } = useRefresh()
+  const refreshLabel = useMessage(layoutMessages.refreshLabel)
+  const refreshDescription = useMessage(layoutMessages.refreshDescription)
 
   if (isRefreshing) {
     return (
@@ -29,7 +33,7 @@ export function AppQueryIndicator({ className }: { className?: string }) {
       <TooltipTrigger
         render={
           <HeaderActionButton
-            aria-label="刷新当前页面数据"
+            aria-label={refreshLabel}
             className={cn("[&_svg]:size-4", className)}
             disabled={!canRefresh}
             icon={ReloadIcon}
@@ -37,11 +41,7 @@ export function AppQueryIndicator({ className }: { className?: string }) {
           />
         }
       />
-      <TooltipContent showArrow>
-        点击可以刷新
-        <br />
-        当前页面数据
-      </TooltipContent>
+      <TooltipContent showArrow>{refreshDescription}</TooltipContent>
     </Tooltip>
   )
 }
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/catalogs.test.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/catalogs.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ecadf8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/catalogs.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { describe, it } from "vitest"
+
+import { expectCompleteCatalogs } from "../../../i18n/test-catalogs"
+import { layoutMessages } from "../messages"
+import { layoutCatalogLocales } from "./catalogs"
+import { messages as de } from "./de"
+import { messages as en } from "./en"
+import { messages as es } from "./es"
+import { messages as fr } from "./fr"
+import { messages as ja } from "./ja"
+import { messages as ko } from "./ko"
+import { messages as zhHans } from "./zh-Hans"
+import { messages as zhHant } from "./zh-Hant"
+
+describe("layout locale catalogs", () => {
+  it("ship every layout message in every built-in locale", () => {
+    expectCompleteCatalogs({
+      catalogs: {
+        de,
+        en,
+        es,
+        fr,
+        ja,
+        ko,
+        "zh-Hans": zhHans,
+        "zh-Hant": zhHant,
+      },
+      locales: layoutCatalogLocales,
+      messageIds: Object.values(layoutMessages).map(
+        (descriptor) => descriptor.id
+      ),
+    })
+  })
+})
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/catalogs.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/catalogs.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..61d6702
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/catalogs.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+import type { layoutMessages } from "../messages"
+import {
+  blockCatalogLocales,
+  type BlockCatalogLocale,
+  type BlockMessageCatalog,
+} from "../../../i18n/catalogs"
+
+export { blockCatalogLocales as layoutCatalogLocales }
+export type LayoutCatalogLocale = BlockCatalogLocale
+export type LayoutMessageCatalog = BlockMessageCatalog<typeof layoutMessages>
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/de.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/de.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da0e82b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/de.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import type { LayoutMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "de"
+export const languageTag = "de-DE"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.breadcrumb.menuLabel": "Breadcrumb-Menü öffnen",
+  "blocks.refresh.description": "Daten der aktuellen Seite aktualisieren",
+  "blocks.refresh.label": "Aktuelle Seitendaten aktualisieren",
+  "blocks.userMenu.accountPassword": "Kontopasswort",
+  "blocks.userMenu.appearance": "Darstellung",
+  "blocks.userMenu.keybindings": "Tastenkürzel",
+  "blocks.userMenu.logout": "Abmelden",
+  "blocks.userMenu.open": "Benutzermenü öffnen",
+  "blocks.userMenu.title": "Benutzermenü",
+} as const satisfies LayoutMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/en.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/en.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c2dac5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/en.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import type { LayoutMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "en"
+export const languageTag = "en-US"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.breadcrumb.menuLabel": "Open breadcrumb menu",
+  "blocks.refresh.description": "Refresh the current page data",
+  "blocks.refresh.label": "Refresh current page data",
+  "blocks.userMenu.accountPassword": "Account password",
+  "blocks.userMenu.appearance": "Appearance",
+  "blocks.userMenu.keybindings": "Keybindings",
+  "blocks.userMenu.logout": "Log out",
+  "blocks.userMenu.open": "Open user menu",
+  "blocks.userMenu.title": "User menu",
+} as const satisfies LayoutMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/es.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/es.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7730366
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/es.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import type { LayoutMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "es"
+export const languageTag = "es-ES"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.breadcrumb.menuLabel": "Abrir el menú de ruta de navegación",
+  "blocks.refresh.description": "Actualizar los datos de la página actual",
+  "blocks.refresh.label": "Actualizar datos de la página actual",
+  "blocks.userMenu.accountPassword": "Contraseña de la cuenta",
+  "blocks.userMenu.appearance": "Apariencia",
+  "blocks.userMenu.keybindings": "Atajos de teclado",
+  "blocks.userMenu.logout": "Cerrar sesión",
+  "blocks.userMenu.open": "Abrir menú de usuario",
+  "blocks.userMenu.title": "Menú de usuario",
+} as const satisfies LayoutMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/fr.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/fr.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a7a1c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/fr.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import type { LayoutMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "fr"
+export const languageTag = "fr-FR"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.breadcrumb.menuLabel": "Ouvrir le menu du fil d’Ariane",
+  "blocks.refresh.description": "Actualiser les données de la page actuelle",
+  "blocks.refresh.label": "Actualiser les données de la page",
+  "blocks.userMenu.accountPassword": "Mot de passe du compte",
+  "blocks.userMenu.appearance": "Apparence",
+  "blocks.userMenu.keybindings": "Raccourcis clavier",
+  "blocks.userMenu.logout": "Se déconnecter",
+  "blocks.userMenu.open": "Ouvrir le menu utilisateur",
+  "blocks.userMenu.title": "Menu utilisateur",
+} as const satisfies LayoutMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/ja.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/ja.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4af6f0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/ja.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import type { LayoutMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "ja"
+export const languageTag = "ja-JP"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.breadcrumb.menuLabel": "パンくずメニューを開く",
+  "blocks.refresh.description": "現在のページのデータを更新します",
+  "blocks.refresh.label": "現在のページを更新",
+  "blocks.userMenu.accountPassword": "アカウントのパスワード",
+  "blocks.userMenu.appearance": "外観",
+  "blocks.userMenu.keybindings": "キーバインド",
+  "blocks.userMenu.logout": "ログアウト",
+  "blocks.userMenu.open": "ユーザーメニューを開く",
+  "blocks.userMenu.title": "ユーザーメニュー",
+} as const satisfies LayoutMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/ko.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/ko.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..379e69b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/ko.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import type { LayoutMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "ko"
+export const languageTag = "ko-KR"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.breadcrumb.menuLabel": "이동 경로 메뉴 열기",
+  "blocks.refresh.description": "현재 페이지 데이터를 새로 고칩니다",
+  "blocks.refresh.label": "현재 페이지 데이터 새로 고침",
+  "blocks.userMenu.accountPassword": "계정 비밀번호",
+  "blocks.userMenu.appearance": "화면 모양",
+  "blocks.userMenu.keybindings": "키 바인딩",
+  "blocks.userMenu.logout": "로그아웃",
+  "blocks.userMenu.open": "사용자 메뉴 열기",
+  "blocks.userMenu.title": "사용자 메뉴",
+} as const satisfies LayoutMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/zh-Hans.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/zh-Hans.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c45632a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/zh-Hans.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import type { LayoutMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "zh-Hans"
+export const languageTag = "zh-CN"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.breadcrumb.menuLabel": "打开面包屑菜单",
+  "blocks.refresh.description": "刷新当前页面的数据",
+  "blocks.refresh.label": "刷新当前页面数据",
+  "blocks.userMenu.accountPassword": "账号密码",
+  "blocks.userMenu.appearance": "界面外观",
+  "blocks.userMenu.keybindings": "按键映射",
+  "blocks.userMenu.logout": "退出登录",
+  "blocks.userMenu.open": "打开用户菜单",
+  "blocks.userMenu.title": "用户菜单",
+} as const satisfies LayoutMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/zh-Hant.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/zh-Hant.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..840b910
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/locales/zh-Hant.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import type { LayoutMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "zh-Hant"
+export const languageTag = "zh-TW"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.breadcrumb.menuLabel": "開啟麵包屑選單",
+  "blocks.refresh.description": "重新整理目前頁面的資料",
+  "blocks.refresh.label": "重新整理目前頁面資料",
+  "blocks.userMenu.accountPassword": "帳號密碼",
+  "blocks.userMenu.appearance": "介面外觀",
+  "blocks.userMenu.keybindings": "按鍵綁定",
+  "blocks.userMenu.logout": "登出",
+  "blocks.userMenu.open": "開啟使用者選單",
+  "blocks.userMenu.title": "使用者選單",
+} as const satisfies LayoutMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/messages.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/messages.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..82f4fe8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/messages.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import type { MessageDescriptor } from "@workspace/i18n"
+
+export const layoutMessages = {
+  accountPassword: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.userMenu.accountPassword",
+    message: "Account password",
+  },
+  appearance: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.userMenu.appearance",
+    message: "Appearance",
+  },
+  breadcrumbMenuLabel: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.breadcrumb.menuLabel",
+    message: "Open breadcrumb menu",
+  },
+  keybindings: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.userMenu.keybindings",
+    message: "Keybindings",
+  },
+  logout: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.userMenu.logout",
+    message: "Log out",
+  },
+  openUserMenu: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.userMenu.open",
+    message: "Open user menu",
+  },
+  refreshDescription: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.refresh.description",
+    message: "Refresh the current page data",
+  },
+  refreshLabel: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.refresh.label",
+    message: "Refresh current page data",
+  },
+  userMenuTitle: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.userMenu.title",
+    message: "User menu",
+  },
+} as const satisfies Record<string, MessageDescriptor>
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/user-menu.tsx b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/user-menu.tsx
index 787ca4b..4a09438 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/user-menu.tsx
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/layout/user-menu.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { formatForDisplay } from "@tanstack/react-hotkeys"
+import { useMessage } from "@workspace/i18n"
 import { Button, type ButtonProps } from "@workspace/ui/components/button"
 import {
   createDialogHandle,
@@ -41,8 +42,10 @@ import {
   ShieldKeyIcon,
   SwatchIcon,
 } from "@hugeicons/core-free-icons"
+import { layoutMessages } from "./messages"
 
 interface UserMenuItem {
+  id: string
   action?: NavigationAction
   shortcut?: string
   icon: IconData
@@ -53,24 +56,6 @@ interface UserMenuTriggerProps {
   className?: string
 }
 
-const userMenuItems: readonly UserMenuItem[] = [
-  {
-    action: navigationActions.appearance,
-    icon: SwatchIcon,
-    label: "界面外观",
-    shortcut: "Mod+,",
-  },
-  {
-    icon: KeyboardIcon,
-    label: "按键映射",
-  },
-  {
-    icon: ShieldKeyIcon,
-    label: "账号密码",
-    shortcut: "Mod+P",
-  },
-]
-
 let userMenuHandles:
   | {
       dialog: DialogHandle<void>
@@ -123,8 +108,11 @@ function UserMenuPopoverTrigger({ className }: UserMenuTriggerProps) {
 }
 
 function UserMenuTriggerButton({ className, ...props }: ButtonProps) {
+  const openUserMenuLabel = useMessage(layoutMessages.openUserMenu)
+
   return (
     <HeaderActionButton
+      aria-label={openUserMenuLabel}
       className={cn(
         "overflow-hidden after:pointer-events-none after:absolute after:inset-0 after:z-999 after:rounded-md after:border after:border-foreground/35",
         className
@@ -140,6 +128,31 @@ function UserMenuTriggerButton({ className, ...props }: ButtonProps) {
 }
 
 function UserMenuContent({ onItemSelect }: { onItemSelect: VoidFunction }) {
+  const appearanceLabel = useMessage(layoutMessages.appearance)
+  const keybindingsLabel = useMessage(layoutMessages.keybindings)
+  const accountPasswordLabel = useMessage(layoutMessages.accountPassword)
+  const logoutLabel = useMessage(layoutMessages.logout)
+  const userMenuItems: readonly UserMenuItem[] = [
+    {
+      id: "appearance",
+      action: navigationActions.appearance,
+      icon: SwatchIcon,
+      label: appearanceLabel,
+      shortcut: "Mod+,",
+    },
+    {
+      id: "keybindings",
+      icon: KeyboardIcon,
+      label: keybindingsLabel,
+    },
+    {
+      id: "account-password",
+      icon: ShieldKeyIcon,
+      label: accountPasswordLabel,
+      shortcut: "Mod+P",
+    },
+  ]
+
   return (
     <div className="w-72">
       <div className="flex flex-col items-center pt-10 pb-6">
@@ -153,7 +166,7 @@ function UserMenuContent({ onItemSelect }: { onItemSelect: VoidFunction }) {
       <div className="border-t border-dashed border-border p-2">
         <ul className="space-y">
           {userMenuItems.map((item) => (
-            <li key={item.label}>
+            <li key={item.id}>
               <Button
                 className="w-full justify-start font-normal"
                 size="lg"
@@ -176,7 +189,7 @@ function UserMenuContent({ onItemSelect }: { onItemSelect: VoidFunction }) {
       <div className="rounded-b-md border-t p-2">
         <Button className="w-full font-normal" variant="destructive" size="lg">
           <Icon data={LogoutCircle02Icon} size="sm" />
-          退出登录
+          {logoutLabel}
           <MenuShortcutSequence shortcuts={["Q", "Q", "Q"]} />
         </Button>
       </div>
@@ -213,12 +226,14 @@ function UserMenuDialogTrigger({ className }: UserMenuTriggerProps) {
 
 function UserMenuDialog() {
   const { dialog } = getOrCreateUserMenuHandles()
+  const title = useMessage(layoutMessages.userMenuTitle)
+
   return (
     <Dialog handle={dialog}>
       <DialogContent className="w-fit p-0">
         <DialogHeader className="sr-only">
-          <DialogTitle></DialogTitle>
-          <DialogDescription></DialogDescription>
+          <DialogTitle>{title}</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogDescription>{title}</DialogDescription>
         </DialogHeader>
         <UserMenuContent onItemSelect={() => dialog.close()} />
       </DialogContent>
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/flyout-navigation.tsx b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/flyout-navigation.tsx
index 6acbf69..15be945 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/flyout-navigation.tsx
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/flyout-navigation.tsx
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { Icon } from "../../components/icon"
 
 import { resolveNavigationItemIcon } from "./item-icon"
 import { NavigationBadge, NavigationLink } from "./navigation-button"
+import { NavigationLabel } from "./navigation-label"
 import type { GetNavigationRouteState } from "./route-state"
 import type { NavigationItem } from "./types"
 
@@ -37,7 +38,9 @@ export function SidebarFlyoutMenuItems({
             className="h-9 gap-3 px-3 py-1 data-route-active:bg-primary/10 data-route-active:text-primary! data-route-active:**:text-primary!"
           >
             {iconElement}
-            <span className="min-w-0 flex-1 truncate">{item.label}</span>
+            <span className="min-w-0 flex-1 truncate">
+              <NavigationLabel label={item.label} />
+            </span>
             <NavigationBadge className="ms-auto" itemId={item.id} />
           </DropdownMenuSubTrigger>
           <DropdownMenuSubContent className="grid w-fit max-w-(--available-width) min-w-44 gap-0.5">
@@ -59,7 +62,9 @@ export function SidebarFlyoutMenuItems({
         render={item.to ? <NavigationLink to={item.to} /> : undefined}
       >
         {iconElement}
-        <span className="min-w-0 flex-1 truncate">{item.label}</span>
+        <span className="min-w-0 flex-1 truncate">
+          <NavigationLabel label={item.label} />
+        </span>
         <NavigationBadge className="ms-auto" itemId={item.id} />
       </DropdownMenuItem>
     )
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/index.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/index.ts
index 5b94fbb..a077620 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/index.ts
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/index.ts
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ export {
 } from "./mobile-navigation"
 export { resolveNavigationItemIcon } from "./item-icon"
 export { PrimaryNavigation } from "./primary-navigation"
+export { NavigationLabel, TruncatedNavigationLabel } from "./navigation-label"
 export { resolveNavigationRouteState } from "./route-state"
 export {
   NavigationProvider,
@@ -16,4 +17,8 @@ export type {
   NavigationRouteState,
 } from "./route-state"
 export type { NavigationInfo, NavigationKey } from "./use-navigation"
-export type { NavigationGroup, NavigationItem } from "./types"
+export type {
+  NavigationGroup,
+  NavigationItem,
+  NavigationLabelValue,
+} from "./types"
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/catalogs.test.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/catalogs.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4edb225
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/catalogs.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { describe, it } from "vitest"
+
+import { expectCompleteCatalogs } from "../../../i18n/test-catalogs"
+import { navigationMessages } from "../messages"
+import { navigationCatalogLocales } from "./catalogs"
+import { messages as de } from "./de"
+import { messages as en } from "./en"
+import { messages as es } from "./es"
+import { messages as fr } from "./fr"
+import { messages as ja } from "./ja"
+import { messages as ko } from "./ko"
+import { messages as zhHans } from "./zh-Hans"
+import { messages as zhHant } from "./zh-Hant"
+
+describe("navigation locale catalogs", () => {
+  it("ship every navigation message in every built-in locale", () => {
+    expectCompleteCatalogs({
+      catalogs: {
+        de,
+        en,
+        es,
+        fr,
+        ja,
+        ko,
+        "zh-Hans": zhHans,
+        "zh-Hant": zhHant,
+      },
+      locales: navigationCatalogLocales,
+      messageIds: Object.values(navigationMessages).map(
+        (descriptor) => descriptor.id
+      ),
+    })
+  })
+})
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/catalogs.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/catalogs.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a67054
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/catalogs.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import type { navigationMessages } from "../messages"
+import {
+  blockCatalogLocales,
+  type BlockCatalogLocale,
+  type BlockMessageCatalog,
+} from "../../../i18n/catalogs"
+
+export { blockCatalogLocales as navigationCatalogLocales }
+export type NavigationCatalogLocale = BlockCatalogLocale
+export type NavigationMessageCatalog = BlockMessageCatalog<
+  typeof navigationMessages
+>
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/de.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/de.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..affd3a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/de.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import type { NavigationMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "de"
+export const languageTag = "de-DE"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.navigation.description": "Durch die Anwendung navigieren.",
+  "blocks.navigation.open": "Navigation öffnen",
+  "blocks.navigation.title": "Navigation",
+} as const satisfies NavigationMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/en.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/en.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fd5140a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/en.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import type { NavigationMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "en"
+export const languageTag = "en-US"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.navigation.description": "Navigate through the app.",
+  "blocks.navigation.open": "Open navigation",
+  "blocks.navigation.title": "Navigation",
+} as const satisfies NavigationMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/es.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/es.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d355a56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/es.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import type { NavigationMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "es"
+export const languageTag = "es-ES"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.navigation.description": "Navega por la aplicación.",
+  "blocks.navigation.open": "Abrir navegación",
+  "blocks.navigation.title": "Navegación",
+} as const satisfies NavigationMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/fr.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/fr.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be12a96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/fr.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import type { NavigationMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "fr"
+export const languageTag = "fr-FR"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.navigation.description": "Naviguez dans l’application.",
+  "blocks.navigation.open": "Ouvrir la navigation",
+  "blocks.navigation.title": "Navigation",
+} as const satisfies NavigationMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/ja.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/ja.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4255f4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/ja.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import type { NavigationMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "ja"
+export const languageTag = "ja-JP"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.navigation.description": "アプリ内のページを移動します。",
+  "blocks.navigation.open": "ナビゲーションを開く",
+  "blocks.navigation.title": "ナビゲーション",
+} as const satisfies NavigationMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/ko.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/ko.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..20462b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/ko.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import type { NavigationMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "ko"
+export const languageTag = "ko-KR"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.navigation.description": "앱의 페이지를 탐색합니다.",
+  "blocks.navigation.open": "탐색 메뉴 열기",
+  "blocks.navigation.title": "탐색",
+} as const satisfies NavigationMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/zh-Hans.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/zh-Hans.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e9f75b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/zh-Hans.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import type { NavigationMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "zh-Hans"
+export const languageTag = "zh-CN"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.navigation.description": "浏览应用中的页面。",
+  "blocks.navigation.open": "打开导航",
+  "blocks.navigation.title": "导航",
+} as const satisfies NavigationMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/zh-Hant.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/zh-Hant.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f1801ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/locales/zh-Hant.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import type { NavigationMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "zh-Hant"
+export const languageTag = "zh-TW"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.navigation.description": "瀏覽應用程式中的頁面。",
+  "blocks.navigation.open": "開啟導覽",
+  "blocks.navigation.title": "導覽",
+} as const satisfies NavigationMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/messages.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/messages.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..76b1455
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/messages.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import type { MessageDescriptor } from "@workspace/i18n"
+
+export const navigationMessages = {
+  description: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.navigation.description",
+    message: "Navigate through the app.",
+  },
+  open: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.navigation.open",
+    message: "Open navigation",
+  },
+  title: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.navigation.title",
+    message: "Navigation",
+  },
+} as const satisfies Record<string, MessageDescriptor>
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/mobile-navigation.tsx b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/mobile-navigation.tsx
index c8e6019..d4bec02 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/mobile-navigation.tsx
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/mobile-navigation.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { useLocation } from "@tanstack/react-router"
+import { useMessage } from "@workspace/i18n"
 import type { ButtonProps } from "@workspace/ui/components/button"
 import { Separator } from "@workspace/ui/components/separator"
 import {
@@ -15,6 +16,8 @@ import { cn, separate } from "@workspace/ui/lib/utils"
 import { ChevronRightIcon } from "lucide-react"
 
 import { HeaderActionButton } from "../layout/header-action-button"
+import { navigationMessages } from "./messages"
+import { NavigationLabel } from "./navigation-label"
 
 import {
   NavigationBadge,
@@ -37,11 +40,15 @@ export function MobileNavigationSheetTrigger({
   className,
   ...props
 }: ButtonProps) {
+  const openNavigationLabel = useMessage(navigationMessages.open)
+
   return (
     <SheetTrigger
       handle={mobileNavigationSheetHandle}
       className={cn("-ml-2 hidden mobile:inline-flex", className)}
-      render={<HeaderActionButton aria-label="打开导航" {...props} />}
+      render={
+        <HeaderActionButton aria-label={openNavigationLabel} {...props} />
+      }
     >
       <Icon
         data={Menu02Icon}
@@ -57,6 +64,9 @@ export interface MobileNavigationSheetProps {
 }
 
 export function MobileNavigationSheet({ groups }: MobileNavigationSheetProps) {
+  const title = useMessage(navigationMessages.title)
+  const description = useMessage(navigationMessages.description)
+
   useOnBreakpoint((breakpoint) => {
     if (breakpoint !== "mobile" && mobileNavigationSheetHandle.isOpen) {
       mobileNavigationSheetHandle.close()
@@ -75,8 +85,8 @@ export function MobileNavigationSheet({ groups }: MobileNavigationSheetProps) {
     <Sheet handle={mobileNavigationSheetHandle}>
       <SheetContent className="max-w-72 gap-0 bg-popover/90" side="left">
         <SheetHeader className="text-left">
-          <SheetTitle>Navigation</SheetTitle>
-          <SheetDescription>Navigate through the app.</SheetDescription>
+          <SheetTitle>{title}</SheetTitle>
+          <SheetDescription>{description}</SheetDescription>
         </SheetHeader>
         <div
           className={cn(
@@ -124,7 +134,7 @@ function FlatNavigationGroupList({
       {items.map((group) => (
         <div key={group.id}>
           <div className="mx-3 mb-2 truncate text-xs whitespace-nowrap tablet:hidden not-mobile:collapsed:hidden">
-            {group.label}
+            <NavigationLabel label={group.label} />
           </div>
           <div className="rounded-md ring ring-sidebar-border">
             {separate({
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/navigation-button.tsx b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/navigation-button.tsx
index 60eccb9..544da03 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/navigation-button.tsx
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/navigation-button.tsx
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ import { cn } from "@workspace/ui/lib/utils"
 import { ChevronRightIcon } from "lucide-react"
 
 import { Icon, type IconData } from "../../components/icon"
+import { NavigationLabel, TruncatedNavigationLabel } from "./navigation-label"
+import type { NavigationLabelValue } from "./types"
 
 export interface NavigationButtonProps extends Omit<
   useRender.ComponentProps<"button", {}>,
@@ -16,7 +18,7 @@ export interface NavigationButtonProps extends Omit<
   icon?: IconData
   isActive: boolean
   isCurrent: boolean
-  label: string
+  label: NavigationLabelValue
   layout?: "inline" | "stacked" | "responsive"
   className?: string | (() => string | undefined) | undefined
   style?:
@@ -105,21 +107,22 @@ export function NavigationButton({
         )}
         <span
           className={cn(
-            "flex-1 origin-top truncate whitespace-nowrap",
+            "min-w-0 flex-1 origin-top overflow-hidden whitespace-nowrap",
             layout === "stacked"
               ? [
-                  "col-start-1 col-end-5 row-start-2 justify-self-center",
-                  "scale-85 text-center text-xs",
+                  "col-start-1 col-end-5 row-start-2 w-full max-w-full",
+                  "scale-85 justify-center text-xs",
                 ]
               : layout === "responsive"
                 ? [
                     "tablet:col-start-1 tablet:col-end-5 tablet:row-start-2",
-                    "tablet:justify-self-center tablet:text-center tablet:text-xs",
+                    "tablet:w-full tablet:max-w-full tablet:justify-center tablet:text-xs",
                     "not-mobile:collapsed:col-start-1",
                     "not-mobile:collapsed:col-end-5",
                     "not-mobile:collapsed:row-start-2",
-                    "not-mobile:collapsed:justify-self-center",
-                    "not-mobile:collapsed:text-center",
+                    "not-mobile:collapsed:w-full",
+                    "not-mobile:collapsed:max-w-full",
+                    "not-mobile:collapsed:justify-center",
                     "not-mobile:collapsed:text-xs",
                     "tablet:scale-85",
                     "not-mobile:collapsed:scale-85",
@@ -127,7 +130,11 @@ export function NavigationButton({
                 : undefined
           )}
         >
-          {label}
+          {layout === "inline" ? (
+            <NavigationLabel label={label} />
+          ) : (
+            <TruncatedNavigationLabel label={label} />
+          )}
         </span>
         {hasTrailingContent && (
           <span
@@ -158,7 +165,7 @@ export function NavigationButton({
         )}
       </React.Fragment>
     ),
-    "aria-label": label,
+    "aria-label": typeof label === "string" ? label : undefined,
   }
 
   return useRender({
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/navigation-label.tsx b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/navigation-label.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e2e53c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/navigation-label.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import { cn } from "@workspace/ui/lib/utils"
+
+import { LocalizedText } from "../../components/localized-text"
+import type { NavigationLabelValue } from "./types"
+
+export interface NavigationLabelProps {
+  label: NavigationLabelValue
+}
+
+/**
+ * Resolves a navigation label without subscribing the surrounding navigation
+ * item to locale changes.
+ */
+export function NavigationLabel({ label }: NavigationLabelProps) {
+  if (typeof label === "string") {
+    return label
+  }
+
+  return <LocalizedText message={label} />
+}
+
+export interface TruncatedNavigationLabelProps extends NavigationLabelProps {
+  className?: string
+}
+
+/**
+ * Centers labels that fit while keeping overflowing labels anchored to the
+ * inline start edge and truncating their inline end.
+ */
+export function TruncatedNavigationLabel({
+  className,
+  label,
+}: TruncatedNavigationLabelProps) {
+  return (
+    <span
+      className={cn(
+        "inline-block max-w-full truncate text-start align-bottom",
+        className
+      )}
+    >
+      <NavigationLabel label={label} />
+    </span>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/primary-navigation.tsx b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/primary-navigation.tsx
index 2f55b9c..cf357a2 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/primary-navigation.tsx
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/primary-navigation.tsx
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import {
   type NavigationButtonProps,
 } from "./navigation-button"
 import { InlineNestedNavigationList } from "./nested-navigation"
+import { NavigationLabel } from "./navigation-label"
 import type { GetNavigationRouteState } from "./route-state"
 import type { NavigationGroup, NavigationItem } from "./types"
 
@@ -172,7 +173,7 @@ export function PrimaryNavigation({
       {items.map((group) => (
         <div key={group.id}>
           <div className="mx-3 mb-2 truncate text-xs whitespace-nowrap tablet:hidden not-mobile:collapsed:hidden">
-            {group.label}
+            <NavigationLabel label={group.label} />
           </div>
           <div className="tablet:space-y-1 not-mobile:collapsed:space-y-1">
             {group.items.map((item) => (
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/types.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/types.ts
index c580ffe..d1a01d3 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/types.ts
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/types.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
+import type { MessageDescriptor } from "@workspace/i18n"
+
 import type { IconData } from "../../components/icon"
 
+export type NavigationLabelValue = string | MessageDescriptor
+
 export interface NavigationItem {
   id: string
   to?: string
-  label: string
+  label: NavigationLabelValue
   icon?: IconData
   showIcon?: boolean
   items?: readonly NavigationItem[]
@@ -11,7 +15,7 @@ export interface NavigationItem {
 
 export interface NavigationGroup {
   id: string
-  label: string
+  label: NavigationLabelValue
   showIcon?: boolean
   items: readonly NavigationItem[]
 }
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/use-navigation.tsx b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/use-navigation.tsx
index c97ccff..ce5c772 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/use-navigation.tsx
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/navigation/use-navigation.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,11 @@ import * as React from "react"
 
 import type { IconData } from "../../components/icon"
 import { resolveNavigationItemIcon } from "./item-icon"
-import type { NavigationGroup, NavigationItem } from "./types"
+import type {
+  NavigationGroup,
+  NavigationItem,
+  NavigationLabelValue,
+} from "./types"
 
 export type NavigationKey = NavigationItem["id"]
 
@@ -11,7 +15,7 @@ export interface NavigationInfo {
   id: NavigationKey
   icon?: IconData
   items?: readonly NavigationInfo[]
-  label: string
+  label: NavigationLabelValue
   to?: string
 }
 
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/catalogs.test.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/catalogs.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be0b10b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/catalogs.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { describe, it } from "vitest"
+
+import { expectCompleteCatalogs } from "../../../i18n/test-catalogs"
+import { notificationMessages } from "../messages"
+import { notificationCatalogLocales } from "./catalogs"
+import { messages as de } from "./de"
+import { messages as en } from "./en"
+import { messages as es } from "./es"
+import { messages as fr } from "./fr"
+import { messages as ja } from "./ja"
+import { messages as ko } from "./ko"
+import { messages as zhHans } from "./zh-Hans"
+import { messages as zhHant } from "./zh-Hant"
+
+describe("notification locale catalogs", () => {
+  it("ship every notification message in every built-in locale", () => {
+    expectCompleteCatalogs({
+      catalogs: {
+        de,
+        en,
+        es,
+        fr,
+        ja,
+        ko,
+        "zh-Hans": zhHans,
+        "zh-Hant": zhHant,
+      },
+      locales: notificationCatalogLocales,
+      messageIds: Object.values(notificationMessages).map(
+        (descriptor) => descriptor.id
+      ),
+    })
+  })
+})
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/catalogs.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/catalogs.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c0fa0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/catalogs.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import type { notificationMessages } from "../messages"
+import {
+  blockCatalogLocales,
+  type BlockCatalogLocale,
+  type BlockMessageCatalog,
+} from "../../../i18n/catalogs"
+
+export { blockCatalogLocales as notificationCatalogLocales }
+export type NotificationCatalogLocale = BlockCatalogLocale
+export type NotificationMessageCatalog = BlockMessageCatalog<
+  typeof notificationMessages
+>
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/de.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/de.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3812578
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/de.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import type { NotificationMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "de"
+export const languageTag = "de-DE"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.notifications.description":
+    "Benachrichtigungen anzeigen und verwalten",
+  "blocks.notifications.empty.description":
+    "Neue Aktivitäten werden hier angezeigt.",
+  "blocks.notifications.empty.title": "Keine Benachrichtigungen",
+  "blocks.notifications.error.description":
+    "Überprüfen Sie Ihre Netzwerkverbindung und versuchen Sie es erneut.",
+  "blocks.notifications.error.title":
+    "Benachrichtigungen konnten nicht geladen werden",
+  "blocks.notifications.justNow": "gerade eben",
+  "blocks.notifications.loading": "Benachrichtigungen werden geladen…",
+  "blocks.notifications.markAllAsRead": "Alle als gelesen markieren",
+  "blocks.notifications.retry": "Erneut versuchen",
+  "blocks.notifications.title": "Benachrichtigungen",
+  "blocks.notifications.viewAll": "Alle anzeigen",
+} as const satisfies NotificationMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/en.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/en.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..56c10ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/en.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import type { NotificationMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "en"
+export const languageTag = "en-US"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.notifications.description": "View and manage notifications",
+  "blocks.notifications.empty.description": "New activity will appear here.",
+  "blocks.notifications.empty.title": "No notifications",
+  "blocks.notifications.error.description":
+    "Check your network connection and try again.",
+  "blocks.notifications.error.title": "Unable to load notifications",
+  "blocks.notifications.justNow": "just now",
+  "blocks.notifications.loading": "Loading notifications…",
+  "blocks.notifications.markAllAsRead": "Mark all as read",
+  "blocks.notifications.retry": "Try again",
+  "blocks.notifications.title": "Notifications",
+  "blocks.notifications.viewAll": "View all",
+} as const satisfies NotificationMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/es.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/es.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a6139bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/es.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import type { NotificationMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "es"
+export const languageTag = "es-ES"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.notifications.description": "Ver y gestionar notificaciones",
+  "blocks.notifications.empty.description":
+    "La actividad nueva aparecerá aquí.",
+  "blocks.notifications.empty.title": "No hay notificaciones",
+  "blocks.notifications.error.description":
+    "Comprueba la conexión de red e inténtalo de nuevo.",
+  "blocks.notifications.error.title":
+    "No se pudieron cargar las notificaciones",
+  "blocks.notifications.justNow": "ahora mismo",
+  "blocks.notifications.loading": "Cargando notificaciones…",
+  "blocks.notifications.markAllAsRead": "Marcar todo como leído",
+  "blocks.notifications.retry": "Intentar de nuevo",
+  "blocks.notifications.title": "Notificaciones",
+  "blocks.notifications.viewAll": "Ver todo",
+} as const satisfies NotificationMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/fr.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/fr.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be409da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/fr.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import type { NotificationMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "fr"
+export const languageTag = "fr-FR"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.notifications.description": "Afficher et gérer les notifications",
+  "blocks.notifications.empty.description":
+    "Les nouvelles activités apparaîtront ici.",
+  "blocks.notifications.empty.title": "Aucune notification",
+  "blocks.notifications.error.description":
+    "Vérifiez votre connexion réseau et réessayez.",
+  "blocks.notifications.error.title": "Impossible de charger les notifications",
+  "blocks.notifications.justNow": "à l’instant",
+  "blocks.notifications.loading": "Chargement des notifications…",
+  "blocks.notifications.markAllAsRead": "Tout marquer comme lu",
+  "blocks.notifications.retry": "Réessayer",
+  "blocks.notifications.title": "Notifications",
+  "blocks.notifications.viewAll": "Tout afficher",
+} as const satisfies NotificationMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/ja.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/ja.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4806985
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/ja.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import type { NotificationMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "ja"
+export const languageTag = "ja-JP"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.notifications.description": "通知を表示・管理します",
+  "blocks.notifications.empty.description":
+    "新しいアクティビティがここに表示されます。",
+  "blocks.notifications.empty.title": "通知はありません",
+  "blocks.notifications.error.description":
+    "ネットワーク接続を確認して、もう一度お試しください。",
+  "blocks.notifications.error.title": "通知を読み込めませんでした",
+  "blocks.notifications.justNow": "たった今",
+  "blocks.notifications.loading": "通知を読み込み中…",
+  "blocks.notifications.markAllAsRead": "すべて既読にする",
+  "blocks.notifications.retry": "再試行",
+  "blocks.notifications.title": "通知",
+  "blocks.notifications.viewAll": "すべて表示",
+} as const satisfies NotificationMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/ko.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/ko.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..decc8b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/ko.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import type { NotificationMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "ko"
+export const languageTag = "ko-KR"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.notifications.description": "알림 보기 및 관리",
+  "blocks.notifications.empty.description": "새 활동이 여기에 표시됩니다.",
+  "blocks.notifications.empty.title": "알림 없음",
+  "blocks.notifications.error.description":
+    "네트워크 연결을 확인한 후 다시 시도하세요.",
+  "blocks.notifications.error.title": "알림을 불러올 수 없음",
+  "blocks.notifications.justNow": "방금",
+  "blocks.notifications.loading": "알림 불러오는 중…",
+  "blocks.notifications.markAllAsRead": "모두 읽음으로 표시",
+  "blocks.notifications.retry": "다시 시도",
+  "blocks.notifications.title": "알림",
+  "blocks.notifications.viewAll": "모두 보기",
+} as const satisfies NotificationMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/zh-Hans.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/zh-Hans.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5fa3dba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/zh-Hans.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import type { NotificationMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "zh-Hans"
+export const languageTag = "zh-CN"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.notifications.description": "查看并处理通知",
+  "blocks.notifications.empty.description": "新的动态会显示在这里。",
+  "blocks.notifications.empty.title": "暂无通知",
+  "blocks.notifications.error.description": "请检查网络连接后重试。",
+  "blocks.notifications.error.title": "无法加载通知",
+  "blocks.notifications.justNow": "刚刚",
+  "blocks.notifications.loading": "正在加载通知…",
+  "blocks.notifications.markAllAsRead": "全部标记为已读",
+  "blocks.notifications.retry": "重新加载",
+  "blocks.notifications.title": "通知",
+  "blocks.notifications.viewAll": "查看全部",
+} as const satisfies NotificationMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/zh-Hant.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/zh-Hant.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c7a583
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/locales/zh-Hant.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import type { NotificationMessageCatalog } from "./catalogs"
+
+export const locale = "zh-Hant"
+export const languageTag = "zh-TW"
+export const messages = {
+  "blocks.notifications.description": "檢視並管理通知",
+  "blocks.notifications.empty.description": "新的動態會顯示在這裡。",
+  "blocks.notifications.empty.title": "沒有通知",
+  "blocks.notifications.error.description": "請檢查網路連線後再試一次。",
+  "blocks.notifications.error.title": "無法載入通知",
+  "blocks.notifications.justNow": "剛剛",
+  "blocks.notifications.loading": "正在載入通知…",
+  "blocks.notifications.markAllAsRead": "全部標示為已讀",
+  "blocks.notifications.retry": "再試一次",
+  "blocks.notifications.title": "通知",
+  "blocks.notifications.viewAll": "檢視全部",
+} as const satisfies NotificationMessageCatalog
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/messages.ts b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/messages.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..88ae75f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/messages.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import type { MessageDescriptor } from "@workspace/i18n"
+
+export const notificationMessages = {
+  description: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.notifications.description",
+    message: "View and manage notifications",
+  },
+  emptyDescription: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.notifications.empty.description",
+    message: "New activity will appear here.",
+  },
+  emptyTitle: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.notifications.empty.title",
+    message: "No notifications",
+  },
+  errorDescription: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.notifications.error.description",
+    message: "Check your network connection and try again.",
+  },
+  errorTitle: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.notifications.error.title",
+    message: "Unable to load notifications",
+  },
+  justNow: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.notifications.justNow",
+    message: "just now",
+  },
+  loading: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.notifications.loading",
+    message: "Loading notifications…",
+  },
+  markAllAsRead: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.notifications.markAllAsRead",
+    message: "Mark all as read",
+  },
+  retry: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.notifications.retry",
+    message: "Try again",
+  },
+  title: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.notifications.title",
+    message: "Notifications",
+  },
+  viewAll: /* i18n */ {
+    id: "blocks.notifications.viewAll",
+    message: "View all",
+  },
+} as const satisfies Record<string, MessageDescriptor>
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/notification-center.tsx b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/notification-center.tsx
index 2a73eba..e0e72e5 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/notification-center.tsx
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/notification-center.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import * as React from "react"
 import { CheckCheckIcon } from "lucide-react"
+import { useMessage } from "@workspace/i18n"
 import { Button } from "@workspace/ui/components/button"
 import {
   Empty,
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ import {
 } from "@workspace/ui/components/tooltip"
 import { cn } from "@workspace/ui/lib/utils"
 
+import { notificationMessages } from "./messages"
 import { NotificationItem } from "./notification-item"
 import type { Notification, NotificationActionHandler } from "./types"
 
@@ -37,17 +39,30 @@ export interface NotificationCenterProps extends Omit<
 
 export function NotificationCenter({
   className,
-  description = "查看并处理通知",
+  description,
   notifications,
   onAction,
   onMarkAllAsRead,
   onRefetch,
   onViewAll,
   status,
-  title = "Notifications",
-  viewAllLabel = "查看全部",
+  title,
+  viewAllLabel,
   ...props
 }: NotificationCenterProps) {
+  const defaultDescription = useMessage(notificationMessages.description)
+  const defaultTitle = useMessage(notificationMessages.title)
+  const defaultViewAllLabel = useMessage(notificationMessages.viewAll)
+  const markAllAsReadLabel = useMessage(notificationMessages.markAllAsRead)
+  const loadingLabel = useMessage(notificationMessages.loading)
+  const errorTitle = useMessage(notificationMessages.errorTitle)
+  const errorDescription = useMessage(notificationMessages.errorDescription)
+  const retryLabel = useMessage(notificationMessages.retry)
+  const emptyTitle = useMessage(notificationMessages.emptyTitle)
+  const emptyDescription = useMessage(notificationMessages.emptyDescription)
+  const resolvedDescription = description ?? defaultDescription
+  const resolvedTitle = title ?? defaultTitle
+  const resolvedViewAllLabel = viewAllLabel ?? defaultViewAllLabel
   const unreadCount = notifications.filter(
     (notification) => !notification.isRead
   ).length
@@ -59,14 +74,16 @@ export function NotificationCenter({
     >
       <header className="grid grid-cols-[1fr_auto] p-4">
         <h2 className="order-1 font-heading font-medium text-foreground">
-          {title}
+          {resolvedTitle}
           {unreadCount > 0 && (
             <span className="ms-1.5 text-sm font-normal text-muted-foreground">
               ({unreadCount})
             </span>
           )}
         </h2>
-        {description && <p className="sr-only">{description}</p>}
+        {resolvedDescription && (
+          <p className="sr-only">{resolvedDescription}</p>
+        )}
         <Tooltip>
           <TooltipTrigger
             delay={0}
@@ -74,7 +91,7 @@ export function NotificationCenter({
             disabled={unreadCount === 0}
             render={
               <Button
-                aria-label="全部标记为已读"
+                aria-label={markAllAsReadLabel}
                 variant="ghost"
                 size="icon-sm"
               />
@@ -84,7 +101,7 @@ export function NotificationCenter({
             <CheckCheckIcon />
           </TooltipTrigger>
           <TooltipContent align="end" showArrow>
-            全部标记为已读
+            {markAllAsReadLabel}
           </TooltipContent>
         </Tooltip>
       </header>
@@ -94,23 +111,23 @@ export function NotificationCenter({
           role="status"
           className="flex min-h-0 flex-1 items-center justify-center text-sm text-muted-foreground"
         >
-          正在加载通知…
+          {loadingLabel}
         </div>
       ) : status === "error" ? (
         <Empty>
           <EmptyContent>
-            <EmptyTitle>无法加载通知</EmptyTitle>
-            <EmptyDescription>请检查网络连接后重试。</EmptyDescription>
+            <EmptyTitle>{errorTitle}</EmptyTitle>
+            <EmptyDescription>{errorDescription}</EmptyDescription>
             <Button variant="outline" onClick={onRefetch}>
-              重新加载
+              {retryLabel}
             </Button>
           </EmptyContent>
         </Empty>
       ) : notifications.length === 0 ? (
         <Empty>
           <EmptyContent>
-            <EmptyTitle>暂无通知</EmptyTitle>
-            <EmptyDescription>新的动态会显示在这里。</EmptyDescription>
+            <EmptyTitle>{emptyTitle}</EmptyTitle>
+            <EmptyDescription>{emptyDescription}</EmptyDescription>
           </EmptyContent>
         </Empty>
       ) : (
@@ -137,7 +154,7 @@ export function NotificationCenter({
 
       <footer className="mt-auto flex flex-col gap-2 p-4">
         <Button size="lg" variant="ghost" className="h-12" onClick={onViewAll}>
-          {viewAllLabel}
+          {resolvedViewAllLabel}
         </Button>
       </footer>
     </section>
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/notification-item.tsx b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/notification-item.tsx
index d1e08a7..fdf7181 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/notification-item.tsx
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/notification-item.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import * as React from "react"
 import { Link } from "@tanstack/react-router"
+import { useFormatters, useMessage } from "@workspace/i18n"
 import {
   Avatar,
   AvatarFallback,
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ import {
 import { cn } from "@workspace/ui/lib/utils"
 
 import { Icon } from "../../components/icon"
+import { notificationMessages } from "./messages"
 
 import type {
   Notification,
@@ -43,10 +45,6 @@ const ICON_TONE_CLASSES: Record<NotificationTone, string> = {
   warning: "bg-amber-500/10 text-amber-600 dark:text-amber-400",
 }
 
-const RELATIVE_TIME_FORMAT = new Intl.RelativeTimeFormat("zh-CN", {
-  numeric: "auto",
-})
-
 const RELATIVE_TIME_UNITS: ReadonlyArray<
   readonly [seconds: number, unit: Intl.RelativeTimeFormatUnit]
 > = [
@@ -71,7 +69,11 @@ function getInitials(media: Extract<NotificationMedia, { kind: "avatar" }>) {
     .toUpperCase()
 }
 
-function formatRelativeTime(createdAt: string) {
+function formatNotificationTime(
+  createdAt: string,
+  formatter: (value: number, unit: Intl.RelativeTimeFormatUnit) => string,
+  justNow: string
+) {
   const createdAtTime = new Date(createdAt).getTime()
 
   if (!Number.isFinite(createdAtTime)) {
@@ -83,14 +85,11 @@ function formatRelativeTime(createdAt: string) {
 
   for (const [seconds, unit] of RELATIVE_TIME_UNITS) {
     if (absoluteDifference >= seconds) {
-      return RELATIVE_TIME_FORMAT.format(
-        Math.round(differenceInSeconds / seconds),
-        unit
-      )
+      return formatter(Math.round(differenceInSeconds / seconds), unit)
     }
   }
 
-  return "刚刚"
+  return justNow
 }
 
 function NotificationItemMedia({ media }: { media: NotificationMedia }) {
@@ -148,6 +147,9 @@ export function NotificationItem({
   ref,
   ...props
 }: NotificationItemProps) {
+  const { formatRelativeTime } = useFormatters()
+  const justNow = useMessage(notificationMessages.justNow)
+
   return (
     <BaseItem
       ref={ref}
@@ -181,7 +183,12 @@ export function NotificationItem({
         )}
         <ItemDescription className="flex items-center gap-1">
           <time dateTime={notification.createdAt}>
-            {formatRelativeTime(notification.createdAt)}
+            {formatNotificationTime(
+              notification.createdAt,
+              (value, unit) =>
+                formatRelativeTime(value, unit, { numeric: "auto" }),
+              justNow
+            )}
           </time>
           {notification.category && (
             <>
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/notification-sheet.tsx b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/notification-sheet.tsx
index 2671dca..5a5faa4 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/notification-sheet.tsx
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/blocks/notifications/notification-sheet.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import * as React from "react"
+import { useMessage } from "@workspace/i18n"
 import {
   createSheetHandle,
   Sheet,
@@ -8,6 +9,7 @@ import {
   SheetTrigger,
 } from "@workspace/ui/components/sheet"
 
+import { notificationMessages } from "./messages"
 import { NotificationCenter } from "./notification-center"
 import type { Notification, NotificationActionHandler } from "./types"
 import {
@@ -41,9 +43,12 @@ export function NotificationCenterSheet({
   onViewAll,
   queryFn,
   queryKey,
-  title = "Notifications",
+  title,
 }: NotificationCenterSheetProps) {
   const notifications = useNotifications({ queryFn, queryKey })
+  const defaultDescription = useMessage(notificationMessages.description)
+  const defaultTitle = useMessage(notificationMessages.title)
+  const resolvedTitle = title ?? defaultTitle
 
   const handleAction = React.useCallback<NotificationActionHandler>(
     (event) => {
@@ -65,8 +70,10 @@ export function NotificationCenterSheet({
         className="w-105 gap-0 bg-popover/90"
         showCloseButton={false}
       >
-        <SheetTitle className="sr-only">{title}</SheetTitle>
-        <SheetDescription className="sr-only">查看并处理通知</SheetDescription>
+        <SheetTitle className="sr-only">{resolvedTitle}</SheetTitle>
+        <SheetDescription className="sr-only">
+          {defaultDescription}
+        </SheetDescription>
         <NotificationCenter
           notifications={notifications.notifications}
           onAction={handleAction}
@@ -74,7 +81,7 @@ export function NotificationCenterSheet({
           onRefetch={notifications.refetch}
           onViewAll={onViewAll}
           status={notifications.status}
-          title={title}
+          title={resolvedTitle}
         />
       </SheetContent>
     </Sheet>
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/components/localized-text.tsx b/packages/blocks/src/components/localized-text.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e88a9ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/components/localized-text.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { useMessage, type MessageDescriptor } from "@workspace/i18n"
+
+export interface LocalizedTextProps {
+  message: MessageDescriptor
+}
+
+export function LocalizedText({ message }: LocalizedTextProps) {
+  return useMessage(message)
+}
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/i18n/catalogs.test.ts b/packages/blocks/src/i18n/catalogs.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b0b49e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/i18n/catalogs.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { describe, expectTypeOf, it } from "vitest"
+
+import type { ChatMessageCatalog } from "../blocks/chats/locales/catalogs"
+import type { NavigationMessageCatalog } from "../blocks/navigation/locales/catalogs"
+
+describe("block message catalog types", () => {
+  it("preserves semantic message IDs as literal keys", () => {
+    expectTypeOf<
+      keyof ChatMessageCatalog
+    >().toEqualTypeOf<"blocks.chats.title">()
+    expectTypeOf<keyof NavigationMessageCatalog>().toEqualTypeOf<
+      | "blocks.navigation.description"
+      | "blocks.navigation.open"
+      | "blocks.navigation.title"
+    >()
+  })
+})
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/i18n/catalogs.ts b/packages/blocks/src/i18n/catalogs.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..868e882
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/i18n/catalogs.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+export const blockCatalogLocales = [
+  "de",
+  "en",
+  "es",
+  "fr",
+  "ja",
+  "ko",
+  "zh-Hans",
+  "zh-Hant",
+] as const
+
+interface MessageDescriptorMap {
+  readonly [key: string]: {
+    readonly id: string
+  }
+}
+
+type MessageId<T extends MessageDescriptorMap> = T[keyof T]["id"]
+
+export type BlockCatalogLocale = (typeof blockCatalogLocales)[number]
+export type BlockMessageCatalog<T extends MessageDescriptorMap> = Readonly<
+  Record<MessageId<T>, string>
+>
diff --git a/packages/blocks/src/i18n/test-catalogs.ts b/packages/blocks/src/i18n/test-catalogs.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1758d96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/blocks/src/i18n/test-catalogs.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import { expect } from "vitest"
+
+export function expectCompleteCatalogs({
+  catalogs,
+  locales,
+  messageIds,
+}: {
+  catalogs: Readonly<Record<string, Readonly<Record<string, string>>>>
+  locales: readonly string[]
+  messageIds: readonly string[]
+}) {
+  expect(Object.keys(catalogs)).toEqual([...locales])
+
+  const expectedIds = [...messageIds].sort()
+
+  for (const messages of Object.values(catalogs)) {
+    expect(Object.keys(messages).sort()).toEqual(expectedIds)
+  }
+}
diff --git a/packages/blocks/tsconfig.json b/packages/blocks/tsconfig.json
index 7333b2e..27cbb84 100644
--- a/packages/blocks/tsconfig.json
+++ b/packages/blocks/tsconfig.json
@@ -4,12 +4,14 @@
     "lib": ["ES2022", "DOM", "DOM.Iterable"],
     "module": "ESNext",
     "moduleResolution": "bundler",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
     "jsx": "react-jsx",
     "skipLibCheck": true,
     "strict": true,
     "noEmit": true,
     "paths": {
       "@workspace/blocks/*": ["./src/*"],
+      "@workspace/i18n": ["../i18n/src/index.ts"],
       "@workspace/ui/*": ["../ui/src/*"]
     }
   },